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Phytoremediation potential of higher plants - phytoextraction of paroxetine
Štelbacká, Kristína ; Smrček, Stanislav (advisor) ; Hýsková, Veronika (referee)
Environmental pollution has long been an important issue for humanity. There are many mechanical and chemical pollutants in water and soil that need to be removed. Xenobiotics, which are increasingly found in the environment, are also a problem. This thesis deals with the study of the phytoextraction of the drug paroxetine using the plant maize (Zea mays). The antidepressant paroxetine belongs to the group of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and is used for the treatment of depressive disorders. The plants were cultured in sterile medium for the time necessary for sufficient growth. Subsequently, paroxetine was added to the plant medium and samples were collected for 96 hours. For the first experiment the concentration of drug in the medium was 3 mg ∙ l−1 , for the second 2 mg ∙ l−1 and for the third 1 mg ∙ l−1 . To determine the phytoextraction activity, the collected samples were detected by HPLC system with UV detector. The phytoextraction efficiency of paroxetine was determined to be 0.0023 mg/g(fresh weight) for the first experiment and 0.0014 mg/g(fresh weight) for the second experiment. Plants used for phytoremediation have increased potential for oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species formation. After the phytoextraction experiments, the antioxidant capacities of the leaf and...
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Phytoextraction of Benzodiazepines from Water Solutions
Grasserová, Alena ; Smrček, Stanislav (advisor) ; Soudek, Petr (referee)
Abstract, key words The aim of this thesis was to perform a phytoextraction experiment with benzodiazepines chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, alprazolam and bromazepam on corn plant (Zea mays). After 14 days of growing of sterile cultivation, new medium (Murashige and Skoog) contaminated with benzodiazepine was added. The starting concentration of benzodiazepine was 10 mg · l-1. After every 24 hours, a sample of medium was collected. The actual concentration of benzodiazepine was measured on HPLC with UV detection. Extractable residues were also analysed to find out whether the benzodiazepine is being translocated to the upper parts of the plant. The same HPLC conditions were used for these samples. The greatest phytoextraction efficiency (the amount of drug extracted by 1 gram of biomass in 24 hours) was observed for chlordiazepoxide, followed by bromazepam, alprazolam and diazepam respectively. The extractable residues analysis confirmed the translocation to the upper parts of the plant for every of the benzodiazepines tested. That indicates a threat for the animals through the food chain contamination. Key words: phytoremediation, phytoextraction, benzodiazepines, extractable residuals, HPLC.
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